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Planetary News: Hubble Space Telescope (2007)New Image: Hubble Captures Mars Closest Approach 2007December 18, 2007
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope took this close-up of the Red Planet Mars when it was just 55 million miles -- 88 million kilometers -- away. This color image was assembled from a series of exposures taken with Hubble's Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 within 36 hours of the Mars closest approach on December 18, at 11:45 p.m. Universal Time. Mars and Earth have a close encounter about every 26 months. These periodic encounters are due to the differences in the two planets' orbits. Earth goes around the Sun twice as fast as Mars, lapping the Red Planet about every two years. Both planets have elliptical orbits, so their close encounters are not always at the same distance. For example, in its close encounter with Earth in 2003, Mars was about 20 million miles closer than it is in the 2007 closest approach. The two dominant dark swatches seen just south of the equator on this part of the planet are well observed regions -- the large triangular shape to the right is Syrtis Major, and the horizontal lane to the left is Sinus Meridani, where the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity landed in January 2004. At the intersection of these two dark features is the prominent Huygens crater with a diameter of 270 miles (450 kilometers). South of Huygens is the Hellas impact basin, with a diameter of 1,100 miles (1,760 kilometers) and a depth of nearly 5 miles (8 kilometers). Hellas was formed billions of years ago when an asteroid collided into the Mars surface. The planet appears free of any dust storms during this closest approach, however, there are significant clouds visible in both the northern and southern polar cap regions. The resolution is 13 miles (21 kilometers) per pixel. |
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